Covid-19影响了世界各地，尽管对爆发的错误信息的传播速度比病毒更快。错误的信息通过在线社交网络（OSN）传播，通常会误导人们遵循正确的医疗实践。特别是，OSN机器人一直是传播虚假信息和发起网络宣传的主要来源。现有工作忽略了机器人的存在，这些机器人在传播中充当催化剂，并专注于“帖子中共享的文章”而不是帖子（文本）内容中的假新闻检测。大多数关于错误信息检测的工作都使用手动标记的数据集，这些数据集很难扩展以构建其预测模型。在这项研究中，我们通过在Twitter数据集上使用经过验证的事实检查的陈述来标记数据来克服这一数据稀缺性挑战。此外，我们将文本功能与用户级功能（例如关注者计数和朋友计数）和推文级功能（例如Tweet中的提及，主题标签和URL）结合起来，以充当检测错误信息的其他指标。此外，我们分析了推文中机器人的存在，并表明机器人随着时间的流逝改变了其行为，并且在错误信息中最活跃。我们收集了1022万个Covid-19相关推文，并使用我们的注释模型来构建一个广泛的原始地面真实数据集以进行分类。我们利用各种机器学习模型来准确检测错误信息，我们的最佳分类模型达到了精度（82％），召回（96％）和假阳性率（3.58％）。此外，我们的机器人分析表明，机器人约为错误信息推文的10％。我们的方法可以实质性地暴露于虚假信息，从而改善了通过社交媒体平台传播的信息的可信度。

在线仇恨言论已成为小时的需求。但是，由于几种地缘政治和文化原因，对此类活动的禁令是不可行的。为了减少问题的严重性，在本文中，我们介绍了一项新颖的任务，仇恨言语归一化，旨在削弱在线帖子表现出的仇恨强度。仇恨言语归一化的意图不是支持仇恨，而是为用户提供对非讨厌的垫脚石，同时为在线平台提供更多时间来监视用户行为的任何改进。为此，我们手动策划了平行语料库 - 仇恨文本及其标准化的同行（标准化文本较不憎恨，更良性）。我们介绍了NACL，这是一个简单而有效的仇恨言语归一化模型，该模型在三个阶段运行 - 首先，它测量了原始样本的仇恨强度；其次，它标识了其中的仇恨跨度；最后，它通过解释仇恨跨度来降低仇恨强度。我们进行了广泛的实验，以通过三向评估（内在，外部和人类研究）来衡量NaCl的功效。我们观察到，NaCl优于六个基准-NACL的强度预测得分为0.1365 RMSE，在SPAN识别中获得0.622 F1分数，而82.27 BLEU和80.05的差异和80.05的困惑为归一化​​文本生成。我们进一步显示了NACL在其他平台上的普遍性（Reddit，Facebook，GAB）。将NaCl的交互式原型放在一起进行用户研究。此外，该工具正在WIPRO AI的真实环境中部署，这是其在线平台上处理有害内容的任务的一部分。

在许多情况下，基于一些高级概念来解释人为的决定。在这项工作中，我们通过检查其内部代表或神经元对概念的激活来迈出神经网络的可解释性。一个概念的特征在于一组具有共同特征的样本。我们提出了一个框架来检查概念（或其否定）和任务类之间存在因果关系的存在。虽然以前的方法专注于概念对任务类的重要性，但我们进一步进一步介绍了四项措施来定量地确定因果关系的顺序。此外，我们提出了一种以基于概念的决策树的形式构建一种概念的层次结构，其可以阐明各种概念如何在神经网络内交互朝向预测输出类。通过实验，我们展示了提出方法在解释神经网络的概念与预测行为之间的因果关系中的有效性以及通过构建概念层次结构来确定不同概念之间的相互作用。

模型预测控制（MPC）表明了控制诸如腿机器人等复杂系统的巨大成功。然而，在关闭循环时，在每个控制周期解决的有限范围最佳控制问题（OCP）的性能和可行性不再保证。这是由于模型差异，低级控制器，不确定性和传感器噪声的影响。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一种修改版本，该版本的标准MPC方法用于带有活力的腿运动（弱向不变性）保证。在这种方法中，代替向问题添加（保守）终端约束，我们建议使用投影到在每个控制周期的OCP中的可行性内核中投影的测量状态。此外，我们使用过去的实验数据来找到最佳成本重量，该重量测量性能，约束满足鲁棒性或稳定性（不变性）的组合。这些可解释的成本衡量了稳健性和性能之间的贸易。为此目的，我们使用贝叶斯优化（BO）系统地设计实验，有助于有效地收集数据以了解导致强大性能的成本函数。我们的模拟结果具有不同的现实干扰（即外部推动，未铭出的执行器动态和计算延迟）表明了我们为人形机器人创造了强大的控制器的方法的有效性。

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to a class of attacks called "backdoor attacks", which create an association between a backdoor trigger and a target label the attacker is interested in exploiting. A backdoored DNN performs well on clean test images, yet persistently predicts an attacker-defined label for any sample in the presence of the backdoor trigger. Although backdoor attacks have been extensively studied in the image domain, there are very few works that explore such attacks in the video domain, and they tend to conclude that image backdoor attacks are less effective in the video domain. In this work, we revisit the traditional backdoor threat model and incorporate additional video-related aspects to that model. We show that poisoned-label image backdoor attacks could be extended temporally in two ways, statically and dynamically, leading to highly effective attacks in the video domain. In addition, we explore natural video backdoors to highlight the seriousness of this vulnerability in the video domain. And, for the first time, we study multi-modal (audiovisual) backdoor attacks against video action recognition models, where we show that attacking a single modality is enough for achieving a high attack success rate.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms are considered as a promising technique for next-generation communication networks due to their flexibility, mobility, low cost, and the ability to collaboratively and autonomously provide services. Distributed learning (DL) enables UAV swarms to intelligently provide communication services, multi-directional remote surveillance, and target tracking. In this survey, we first introduce several popular DL algorithms such as federated learning (FL), multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), distributed inference, and split learning, and present a comprehensive overview of their applications for UAV swarms, such as trajectory design, power control, wireless resource allocation, user assignment, perception, and satellite communications. Then, we present several state-of-the-art applications of UAV swarms in wireless communication systems, such us reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), virtual reality (VR), semantic communications, and discuss the problems and challenges that DL-enabled UAV swarms can solve in these applications. Finally, we describe open problems of using DL in UAV swarms and future research directions of DL enabled UAV swarms. In summary, this survey provides a comprehensive survey of various DL applications for UAV swarms in extensive scenarios.

Compared to regular cameras, Dynamic Vision Sensors or Event Cameras can output compact visual data based on a change in the intensity in each pixel location asynchronously. In this paper, we study the application of current image-based SLAM techniques to these novel sensors. To this end, the information in adaptively selected event windows is processed to form motion-compensated images. These images are then used to reconstruct the scene and estimate the 6-DOF pose of the camera. We also propose an inertial version of the event-only pipeline to assess its capabilities. We compare the results of different configurations of the proposed algorithm against the ground truth for sequences of two publicly available event datasets. We also compare the results of the proposed event-inertial pipeline with the state-of-the-art and show it can produce comparable or more accurate results provided the map estimate is reliable.

With Twitter's growth and popularity, a huge number of views are shared by users on various topics, making this platform a valuable information source on various political, social, and economic issues. This paper investigates English tweets on the Russia-Ukraine war to analyze trends reflecting users' opinions and sentiments regarding the conflict. The tweets' positive and negative sentiments are analyzed using a BERT-based model, and the time series associated with the frequency of positive and negative tweets for various countries is calculated. Then, we propose a method based on the neighborhood average for modeling and clustering the time series of countries. The clustering results provide valuable insight into public opinion regarding this conflict. Among other things, we can mention the similar thoughts of users from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and most Western European countries versus the shared views of Eastern European, Scandinavian, Asian, and South American nations toward the conflict.

The performance of the Deep Learning (DL) models depends on the quality of labels. In some areas, the involvement of human annotators may lead to noise in the data. When these corrupted labels are blindly regarded as the ground truth (GT), DL models suffer from performance deficiency. This paper presents a method that aims to learn a confident model in the presence of noisy labels. This is done in conjunction with estimating the uncertainty of multiple annotators. We robustly estimate the predictions given only the noisy labels by adding entropy or information-based regularizer to the classifier network. We conduct our experiments on a noisy version of MNIST, CIFAR-10, and FMNIST datasets. Our empirical results demonstrate the robustness of our method as it outperforms or performs comparably to other state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. In addition, we evaluated the proposed method on the curated dataset, where the noise type and level of various annotators depend on the input image style. We show that our approach performs well and is adept at learning annotators' confusion. Moreover, we demonstrate how our model is more confident in predicting GT than other baselines. Finally, we assess our approach for segmentation problem and showcase its effectiveness with experiments.

This paper deals with the problem of statistical and system heterogeneity in a cross-silo Federated Learning (FL) framework where there exist a limited number of Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT) devices in a smart building. We propose a novel Graph Signal Processing (GSP)-inspired aggregation rule based on graph filtering dubbed ``G-Fedfilt''. The proposed aggregator enables a structured flow of information based on the graph's topology. This behavior allows capturing the interconnection of CIoT devices and training domain-specific models. The embedded graph filter is equipped with a tunable parameter which enables a continuous trade-off between domain-agnostic and domain-specific FL. In the case of domain-agnostic, it forces G-Fedfilt to act similar to the conventional Federated Averaging (FedAvg) aggregation rule. The proposed G-Fedfilt also enables an intrinsic smooth clustering based on the graph connectivity without explicitly specified which further boosts the personalization of the models in the framework. In addition, the proposed scheme enjoys a communication-efficient time-scheduling to alleviate the system heterogeneity. This is accomplished by adaptively adjusting the amount of training data samples and sparsity of the models' gradients to reduce communication desynchronization and latency. Simulation results show that the proposed G-Fedfilt achieves up to $3.99\% $ better classification accuracy than the conventional FedAvg when concerning model personalization on the statistically heterogeneous local datasets, while it is capable of yielding up to $2.41\%$ higher accuracy than FedAvg in the case of testing the generalization of the models.